ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ (ืื ื’'ืœื™ืงื” ืกื™ื ื™ืช) ื™ื“ื•ืข ื’ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ื’'ื™ื ืกื ื’ ืœื ืฉื™ื". ื”ืฆืžื— ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ื–ื” ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื, ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™, ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืจืžืช ื”ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ.  

ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืื ื’'ืœื™ืงื” ืกื™ื ื™ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื” "ื“ืื ื’ ื’ื•ึผืื™", ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืžืœื™ื ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• "ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืจื”". ื”ืฉื ื”ื–ื” ืžืจืžื– ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืœื”ื–ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื•. ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืจ "ืฆืžื— ืœื ืฉื™ื", ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืจื™ืฅ ื“ื ืจื‘-ืขื•ืฆืžื” ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืกืช ื‘ืจื™ื ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื.

ื”ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืขื:

  • ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื
  • ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื“ื ืชืงื™ื ื”
  • ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ
  • ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื“ืœืงืช 
  • ื”ืจื’ืขืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ
  • ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ื›ืจ ื‘ื“ื
  • ื™ื™ืคื•ื™ ื•ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจ

ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืจื‘, ื‘ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืงืจ ื•ื”ืœื— ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ ืกื™ืŸ, ืงื•ืจื™ืื” ื•ื™ืคืŸ. ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืื•ืชื” ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืžื• ืกืœืจื™. ื–ื” ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ื™ื‘ืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืžื— ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉ, ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื‘ืจื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื’ื•ืฃ, ื•ืงืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื, ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื›ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžืจื™ืฆื™ื, ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ื“ื.1,2

ื”ืื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™

ืœืคื™ ืื’ื“ื” ืกื™ื ื™ืช ืื—ืช, ืคืขื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื•ื’ ืฆืขื™ืจ ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ืื•ืฉืจ. ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ื‘ืขืœ ื ืืœืฅ ืœืฆืืช ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืฉืœื• ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ืžืกืข ืืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื, ืฉื ื”ื•ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื•ืœืœืงื˜ ืฆืžื—ื™ ืžืจืคื. ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืืฉืชื• ืœื—ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ื‘ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ืœื ื™ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ื•ืื– ืขืœื™ื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื”ื‘ื” ื—ื“ืฉื”.

ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื–ืจ, ืื– ื”ืื™ืฉื” ืžืฆืื” ืื”ื‘ื” ื—ื“ืฉื” ื•ื ื™ืฉืื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ื‘ืขืœื” ื—ื–ืจ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ. ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื•ื’ื ืืฉืชื• ื”ื™ื• ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœื‘ ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื™ืฉืื” ืžื—ื“ืฉื”. ืฉื‘ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื” ื“ืจื“ืจ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื”. ื”ื™ื ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ืขืฆื‘ ื•ืœื ืจืฆืชื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. 

ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื”, ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื” ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ืฉื. ื”ื™ื ืื›ืœื” ืื•ืชื ืžืชื•ืš ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื ืจืขื™ืœื™ื โ€” ืืš ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืคืš, ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื” ืœืงื• ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื”ืฆืžื— ื–ื›ื” ืœืฉื ื“ืื ื’ (ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” "ืืžื•ืจ/ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ") ื’ื•ึผืื™ (ืžืฉืžืข "ื—ื–ืจื”").3 

ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™

ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ืœื™

ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืกื™ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ืช ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื, ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื–ืŸ ืืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ืงืœื” ืขืœ ืชืกืžื™ื ื™ ื•ืกืช ื•ื—ื“ืœื•ืŸ ื•ืกืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืื‘ื™ ื‘ื˜ืŸ, ืžื™ื’ืจื ื•ืช, ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื—, ื”ื–ืขื•ืช ืœื™ืœื” ื•ื’ืœื™ ื—ื•ื. ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ื’ื ืœื”ืงืœื” ืขืœ ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืืฆืช ื”ื”ืชืื•ืฉืฉื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ื“ื”. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื’ื ื›ืžืขื›ื‘ ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืฉืœ ืกืจื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื’ืœื™ ื—ื•ื.

ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ืจืžื•ืŸ ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ, ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืฅ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืคื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืฉื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืกืจื˜ืŸ ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืจืžื•ื ื™ื ืืกื•ืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื’ืŸ.1,2,3,4 ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ืื• ืขื ื’ื•ืจื ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžื•ืกืžืš ืื—ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื ื˜ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื›ื ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื.

ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื“ืœืงืช

ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืžื›ื™ืœ ืชืจื›ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฆืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ื“ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื ืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ืœืงืช ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืžื™ื›ืชื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ืชืจื•ืžืชื• ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื“ืœืงืช, ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืœื•ืช ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืœืชืคืงื“ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™.1,2,3,4  

ืื“ืคื˜ื•ื’ืŸ ืจื‘-ืขื•ืฆืžื”

ืื“ืคื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืื–ื ื™ื ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื ื“ื•ืงืจื™ื ื™ืช ื•ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืžืื•ืกื˜ืื–ื™ืก. ืื“ืคื˜ื•ื’ื ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืชืื™ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ.

ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ื”ื•ื ืื“ืคื˜ื•ื’ืŸ ืจื‘-ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืคื ื™ ืกื˜ืจืก ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช, ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืœืช ื•ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืจื’ื™ืขื” ื•ืžืงืจืงืขืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืื–ืŸ ืกื˜ืจืก ื•ื—ืจื“ื”.5,6 

ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืคื•ื˜ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช

ื›ืžื• ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื, ืชื•ืกืคื™ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืฆืžื—ื™ื ืฉื ืงื˜ืคื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข ื”ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื ื—ืคืฉื• ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืฉืฉืžื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืจื›ืฉื• ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืคื•ืจืžืœืฆื™ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื•ืช.

ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืคืจื˜, ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื•ึนื ื’ ืงื•ื•ืื™ ืžืืกื™ื” โ€” ื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื’ืœื ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ืžืื•ื–ืŸ.

ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช:

  1. Bensky, D., Clavey, S., & Stoger, E. (2004). Chinese Herbal Medicine Materia Medica (3rd ed.). WA: Eastland Press.
  2. Chen, J. & Chen, T. (2004). Chinese Medical Herbology and Pharmacology.  CA: Art of Medicine Press.
  3. Kataki, M. & Kakoti, B. (2015). Womenโ€™s Ginseng (Angelica sinensis): An Ethnopharmacological Dossier. Current Traditional Medicine, 1, 26-40 
  4. Chang, M. & But, P. (1986). Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica.    Hong Kong: World Scientific.
  5. Saleeby, J.P. (2006). Wonder Herbs: A Guide to Three Adaptogens.  Xlibris.
  6. Winston, D. & Maimes, S. (2007). Adaptogens: Herbs for Strength, Stamina, and Stress Relief. Healing Arts Press.